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Ethnopharmacology

ULLA Series in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1. Aufl.

von: Michael Heinrich, Anna K. Jäger
83,99 €
Verlag:	Wiley-Blackwell
Format:	EPUB
Veröffentl.:	25.08.2015
ISBN/EAN:	9781118930724
Sprache:	englisch
Anzahl Seiten:	464

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Titelbeschreibung

Ethnopharmacology is one of the world’s fastest-growing scientific disciplines encompassing a diverse range of subjects. It links natural sciences research on medicinal, aromatic and toxic plants with socio-cultural studies and has often been associated with the development of new drugs. The Editors of Ethnopharmacology have assembled an international team of renowned contributors to provide a critical synthesis of the substantial body of new knowledge and evidence on the subject that has emerged over the past decade. Divided into three parts, the book begins with an overview of the subject including a brief history, ethnopharmacological methods, the role of intellectual property protection, key analytical approaches, the role of ethnopharmacology in primary/secondary education and links to biodiversity and ecological research. Part two looks at ethnopharmacological contributions to modern therapeutics across a range of conditions including CNS disorders, cancer, bone and joint health and parasitic diseases. The final part is devoted to regional perspectives covering all continents, providing a state-of-the –art assessment of the status of ethnopharmacological research globally. <ul> <li>A comprehensive, critical synthesis of the latest developments in ethnopharmacology.</li> <li>Includes a section devoted to ethnopharmacological contributions to modern therapeutics across a range of conditions. </li> <li>Contributions are from leading international experts in the field. </li> </ul> This timely book will prove invaluable for researchers and students across a range of subjects including ethnopharmacology, ethnobotany, medicinal plant research and natural products research. Ethnopharmacology- A Reader is part of the ULLA Series in Pharmaceutical Sciences www.ullapharmsci.org

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contributors xvii Series Foreword xxi Preface xxiii Abbreviations xxvii Ethnopharmacology: The Fundamental Challenges 1 Ethnopharmacology: A Short History of a Multidisciplinary Field of Research 3 Michael Heinrich 1.1 Introduction 3 Acknowledgements 8 References 8 2 Medicinal Plant Research: A Reflection on Translational Tasks 11 Anna K Jäger 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Translational research: preclinical research 12 2.3 Translational research: clinical research 13 2.4 Reaching the patient 14 2.5 A ‘developed’ traditional medicine system 14 References 16 3 The Anthropology of Ethnopharmacology 17 Ina Vandebroek and Daniel E. Moerman 3.1 Introduction 17 3.2 Primary example: Traditional medicine in New York City 18 3.3 An example from ancient Roman architecture 22 3.4 An example from native North America 23 3.5 Comparative ethnobotany 24 3.6 Conclusions 26 References 27 4 Quantitative and Comparative Methods in Ethnopharmacology 29 Marco Leonti and Caroline S. Weckerle 4.1 Introduction 29 4.2 Research questions 31 4.3 Field research 33 4.4 Analyzing the data 34 4.5 Pharmacological research 35 4.6 Contextualization 36 4.7 Conclusion 37 References 37 5 Biodiversity, Conservation and Ethnopharmacology 41 Vernon H. Heywood 5.1 Introduction 41 5.2 Changing attitudes to the ownership of biodiversity 42 5.3 Medicinal and aromatic plants as resources 43 5.4 How many species? 44 5.5 Chemical diversity 45 5.6 Wild harvesting and over-collection 45 5.7 Medicinal plant conservation 46 5.8 Conservation approaches 46 5.9 Protected areas 47 5.10 Community conservation 47 5.11 Genetic conservation 47 5.12 Cultivation 48 5.13 Conclusions 48 References 49 6 Ecopharmacognosy 53 Geoffrey A. Cordell 6.1 Introduction 53 6.2 Sustainable medicines and pharmacognosy 54 6.3 Ecopharmacognosy: background 55 6.4 Ecopharmacognosy practices 55 6.5 Conclusions 60 Acknowledgements 60 References 60 7 NMR-based Metabolomics and Hyphenated NMR Techniques: A Perfect Match in Natural Products Research 63 Joachim Møllesøe Vinther, Sileshi Gizachew Wubshet and Dan Staerk 7.1 Introduction 63 7.2 Metabolomics 64 7.3 Principles of NMR-based metabolomics 65 7.4 NMR-based metabolomics in natural products research 66 7.5 Hyphenated NMR techniques 68 7.6 Principle of HPLC-SPE-NMR 69 7.7 High-resolution bioassay-coupled HPLC-SPE-NMR 70 7.8 Combining metabolomics and hyphenated NMR techniques 71 7.9 Perspectives in ethnopharmacology 72 7.10 Conclusions 72 References 72 8 New Medicines Based On Traditional Knowledge: Indigenous and Intellectual Property Rights from an Ethnopharmacological Perspective 75 Michael Heinrich 8.1 Introduction 75 8.2 The legal framework 76 8.3 Industrial research in an ethnopharmacological context 77 8.4 Some case studies 79 8.5 Conclusions 83 Note 84 References 84 9 Ethnopharmacology and Intellectual Property Rights 87 Alan Hesketh 9.1 Introduction 87 9.2 Indigenous community rights and traditional knowledge 88 9.3 Identifying a partner 89 9.4 Hurdles in considering IP 91 9.5 Building an effective IP portfolio 91 9.6 The patentability of products of nature 93 9.7 Conclusion 95 References 95 10 Ethnopharmacology in Elementary, Primary and Secondary Education: Current Perspectives and Future Prospects 97 Alonso Verde, Diego Rivera, José Ramón Vallejo, José Fajardo, Concepción Obón and Arturo Valdés 10.1 Introduction 97 10.2 Ethnopharmacology: a multidisciplinary subject for education 99 10.3 Developing an ethnopharmacological curriculum: some strategies 101 10.4 Conclusions 104 References 105 The Pharmacological Angle 11 Anti-infective Agents: The Example of Antibacterial Drug Leads 111 Maíra Bidart de Macedo, Sofie Clais, Ellen Lanckacker, Louis Maes, Emerson Silva Lima and Paul Cos 11.1 Introduction 111 11.2 Bacterial resistance 112 11.3 Plant-derived antibacterial agents 112 11.4 Basic requirements for successful antimicrobial drug discovery (Cos et al., 2006) 118 11.5 Conclusion 119 References 120 12 Searching for New Treatments of Malaria 123 Colin W. Wright 12.1 Introduction 123 12.2 Traditional herbal remedies as a source of antimalarial lead compounds 123 12.3 Developments from established antimalarials 126 12.4 Non-traditional medicine sources of potential antimalarials 127 12.5 Alternative strategies in the search for natural antimalarial compounds 129 12.6 Herbal preparations for the treatment of malaria 130 12.7 Conclusion and future prospects 132 References 132 13 CNS Disorders 135 Anna K Jäger 13.1 Introduction 135 13.2 Epilepsy 135 13.3 Depression and anxiety 137 13.4 Insomnia 139 13.5 Sedatives 139 13.6 Dementia 139 13.7 Conclusion 142 References 142 14 Respiratory Conditions 147 Adolfo Andrade-Cetto and Jorge García-Alvarez 14.1 Introduction 147 14.2 Case studies 151 14.3 Conclusions 155 Acknowledgments 156 References 156 15 Can there be an Ethnopharmacology of Inflammation? 159 Michael Heinrich and Anthony Booker 15.1 Introduction 159 15.2 Ethnopharmacology of inflammation: some examples 161 15.3 Conclusions 166 References 166 16 Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors and Downstream Signalling Pathways as Cancer Treatment Targets for Medicinal Plants 169 Ean-Jeong Seo, Ching-Fen Wu, Henny J. Greten and Thomas Efferth 16.1 Role of epidermal growth factor receptors for cancer biology 169 16.2 Inhibition of epidermal growth factor signalling by phytochemicals and medicinal plants 171 16.3 Conclusions and perspectives 173 References 174 17 From Ethnopharmacological Field Study to Phytochemistry and Preclinical Research: The Example of Ghanaian Medicinal Plants for Improved Wound Healing 179 Andreas Hensel, Emelia Kisseih, Matthias Lechtenberg, Frank Petereit, Christian Agyare and Alex Asase 17.1 Introduction 179 17.2 Results 180 17.3 Conclusion 196 References 196 18 Gynaecological, Andrological and Urological Problems: An Ethnopharmacological Perspective 199 Tinde van Andel, Hugo de Boer and Alexandra Towns 18.1 Introduction 199 18.2 Menstrual disorders 200 18.3 Postpartum use 201 18.4 Vaginal applications 202 18.5 Female infertility 204 18.6 Andrology 204 18.7 Urology 206 References 207 19 Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Bone and Joint Health 213 Elizabeth M. Williamson 19.1 Introduction 213 19.2 Current views of bone and joint disorders 214 19.3 Traditional views of bone disorders 216 19.4 Conclusions 224 References 224 20 Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders: An Ethnopharmacological Perspective 227 Adolfo Andrade Cetto 20.1 Introduction 227 20.2 Type-2 diabetes 228 20.3 Metabolic syndrome 230 20.4 Case studies 231 20.5 Conclusions 236 Acknowledgments 236 References 237 21 The Ethnopharmacology of the Food–Medicine Interface: The Example of Marketing Traditional Products in Europe 239 Gunter P. Eckert 21.1 Introduction 239 21.2 Medicinal products for human use 241 21.3 Food 243 21.4 Consumer protection - security and protection against fraud 245 21.5 Intended normal use: the distinction between medicinal products and foods 247 21.6 Conclusion 248 References 248 22 Retrospective Treatment-Outcome as a Method of Collecting Clinical Data in Ethnopharmacological Surveys 251 Bertrand Graz, Merlin Willcox and Elaine Elisabetsky 22.1 Introduction 251 22.2 Key concepts: clinical data, outcome and patient progress 252 22.3 Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of traditional medicines 253 22.4 The role of ethnopharmacologists and ethnobotanists 254 22.5 Collection of clinical data during ethnopharmacological field studies 255 22.6 Example of a method for gathering clinical data during field surveys 255 22.7 Conclusion: clinical data and field surveys for a positive impact on health 259 References 260 Ethnopharmacology: Regional Perspectives 23 Ethnopharmacology in Sub-Sahara Africa: Current Trends and Future Perspectives 265 Mack Moyo, Adeyemi O. Aremu and Johannes van Staden 23.1 Introduction 265 23.2 Role of traditional medicine in Africa 266 23.3 Ethnopharmacological research in sub-Saharan Africa 267 23.4 Challenges of traditional medicine in Africa 269 23.5 Future perspectives 272 23.6 Conclusions 273 Acknowledgements 273 References 273 24 Ethnopharmacology and Integrative Medicine: An Indian Perspective 279 Pulok K. Mukherjee, Sushil K. Chaudhary, Shiv Bahadur and Pratip K. Debnath 24.1 Ethnopharmacology and the development of traditional medicine in India 279 24.2 Biological wealth and ancient wisdom 281 24.3 Indian systems of medicine 281 24.4 Ayurveda: the Indian system of medicine 282 24.5 Siddha 286 24.6 Unani 287 24.7 Traditional knowledge digital library 287 24.8 Integrated approaches for the development of Indian traditional medicine 288 24.9 Conclusion 289 Acknowledgements 290 References 290 25 Chinese Medicine: Contentions and Global Complexities 293 Anthony Booker 25.1 Introduction 293 25.2 Ancient concepts meet scientific understanding 294 25.3 Traditional and modern dosage forms and application 296 25.4 Medicinal plant production in China 296 25.5 Quality and safety 297 25.6 Aristolochic acids 298 25.7 Regulatory requirements 298 25.8 Training practitioners of TCM 299 25.9 Future prospects 300 References 301 26 Chinese Medicinal Processing: A Characteristic Aspect of the Ethnopharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine 303 Ping Guo, Eric Brand and Zhongzhen Zhao 26.1 Introduction 303 26.2 Definition, methods and historical changes in Chinese medicinal processing 304 26.3 Present state of Chinese medicinal processing 310 26.4 Prospect for future developments in Chinese medicinal processing 315 References 315 27 A South-East Asian Perspective on Ethnopharmacology 317 Pravit Akarasereenont, Marianne J.R. Datiles, Natchagorn Lumlerdkij, Harisun Yaakob, Jose M. Prieto and Michael Heinrich 27.1 Introduction 317 27.2 Ethnopharmacology in Thailand 319 27.3 Ethnopharmacology in Malaysia 322 27.4 Ethnopharmacology in Indonesia 325 27.5 Ethnopharmacology in the Philippines 326 27.6 Ethnopharmacology in Vietnam 328 27.7 Ethnopharmacology in Myanmar, Lao PDR and Cambodia 328 27.8 Ethnopharmacology in Singapore and Brunei 328 27.9 Conclusion 328 Acknowledgement 329 References 329 28 Historical Approaches in Ethnopharmacology 333 Andreas Lardos 28.1 Introduction 333 28.2 Historical texts in ethnopharmacological research 334 28.3 Methodological aspects 335 28.4 Challenges in the analysis of historical texts 335 28.5 Opportunities offered by a historical approach 337 28.6 Conclusions 338 References 339 29 Medical Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Europe 343 Manuel Pardo-de-Santayana, Cassandra L. Quave, Renata Sõukand and Andrea Pieroni 29.1 Introduction 343 29.2 A brief history of European medicinal plants studies 344 29.3 Modern European medico-ethnobotanical studies 345 29.4 European ethnomedicinal flora 350 29.5 Adaptation, syncretism and resilience of traditional pharmacopoeias 351 29.6 Pharmacological studies of European medicinal plants 351 29.7 Concluding remarks 352 References 352 30 Ethnopharmacology in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East: ‘The Sun Rises from the East, but Shines on the Eastern Mediterranean’ 357 Erdem Yesilada 30.1 Introduction 357 30.2 Ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology in the Balkan region 358 30.3 Modern ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology in the Middle East 359 30.4 Ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology in Turkey 361 30.5 Concluding remarks 362 References 362 31 Ethnopharmacology in Australia and Oceania 365 Graham Lloyd Jones and Nicholas J. Sadgrove 31.1 Introduction 365 31.2 Ethnopharmacological ‘classics’ 367 31.3 Australian aromatic plants 369 31.4 Recent developments: aromatic plants 371 31.5 Recent developments: cancer and HIV 376 31.6 Conclusion 376 References 377 32 Ethnopharmacology in Central and South America 379 Salvador Cañigueral and Jaume Sanz-Biset 32.1 Introduction 379 32.2 The development of drugs 381 32.3 Beyond the development of new drugs 386 32.4 Bridging indigenous and western knowledge 387 32.5 Hallucinogens 388 32.6 Conclusion 389 References 389 33 Perspectives on Ethnopharmacology in Mexico 393 Robert Bye and Edelmira Linares 33.1 Introduction 393 33.2 Mexican tradition 394 33.3 Compilation of medicinal plants 396 33.4 Medicinal plant complex 398 33.5 Markets and medicinal plants 399 33.6 Bioprospection and conservation 399 33.7 Conclusions 401 Acknowledgements 401 References 401 34 Encounters with Elephants: A Personal Perspective on Ethnopharmacology 405 Peter J. Houghton 34.1 Introduction 405 34.2 The primacy of plants 406 34.3 Sources: dirty hands and databases 406 34.4 From cultural use to chemistry 407 34.5 Chemistry as a starter 407 34.6 Botany as a basis 408 34.7 Of mice and men and microwell plates 408 34.8 Aims and ethics 409 34.9 Molecules and mixtures 410 34.10 Tales of the unexpected 410 34.11 The end of the matter 411 References 411 Index 415

Rezension

"Ethnopharmacology is a remarkable book that comprises cutting-edge research from a range of world-class authorities from many countries across the world. This makes it one of the most authoritative books ever written on this subject and on phytotherapy in general"...."in my opinion, the real appeal of the book is the diversity of the subjects covered, which include the comparative and quantitative methods of ethnopharmacological research; biodiversity, conservation, and ethnopharmacology; ecopharmacognosy; the use of novel nuclear magnetic resonance techniques in natural product research; and ethnopharmacology and intellectual property rights"....."Ethnopharmacology is indeed a valuable book for natural-product researchers, especially those interested in novel approaches for uncovering new leads for the development of essential medicines from plant and animal sources.I have no doubt in my mind that it will serve the purpose for which it is intended: a cutting-edge text meant to equip postgraduate students in pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences, and other related disciplines, anywhere in the world, with sound knowledge of the newly developing field of ethnopharmacology" Bioscience, July 2016

Autorenportrait

Professor Michael Heinrich, UCL School of Pharmacy, UK. Dr Anna K. Jäger, Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.